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The Low Back Pain Treatments Your Doctor Isn't Telling You About

If you've been feeling like your doctor visits aren't doing much to help your low back pain, there's now some research to back you up. The health journal, The Lancet, recently published a series of articles looking at how we treat back pain, and the gist of their findings is that most of us who go to a doctor for an aching back are probably receiving inappropriate or unnecessary treatment. According to the researchers, the most common missteps by doctors include over-reliance on medications including opioids, pushing bedrest and avoidance of activity, emphasizing tests like x-rays and MRIs too quickly, and depending too much on invasive treatments like injections and surgeries. So, what should doctors be suggesting instead? The authors offer these evidence-based recommendations: more education about pain management, resuming of normal activities, exercise, and "psychological programs for those with persistent symptoms." My guess is that this last recommendation - that we need more in the way of psychological treatments for low back pain - caught you by surprise.

Though back pain is a physical problem - there is tissue inflammation and irritation that needs to be treated - it's actually better viewed as an experience, and one that can encompass a vast array of elements including emotional and psychological factors. On any given day, the emotional reactions that are generated in connection to our pain, along with the thoughts, attitudes, and judgements that arise, all contribute in important ways to our low back pain experience.

The way bodily pain gets processed in our brains is strongly linked to the same circuits that handle thoughts and feelings. For example, the onset of low back pain can trigger a stress cascade leading to feelings of fear, anxiety, worry, irritability, or depression. High levels of psychological distress, along with catastrophizing, where we can only see the worst in a situation, have been tied to a higher chance that pain will become ongoing. Ignoring these types of factors only leads to more suffering and poor outcomes.

So, what can be done psychologically to help improve the situation?

Anything that can help improve your outlook and diffuse an over-agitated nervous system can be helpful, but there are some specific psychological approaches worth looking into:

  • Pain Psychology - Several sessions with a psychologist or therapist who specializes in pain management can help you learn useful tools and strategies. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a well-established form of psychotherapy that focuses on reprocessing dysfunctional thought patterns to decrease emotional distress. Another promising psychological approach used in the treatment of pain is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) which promotes improving psychological flexibility as a way of overcoming health challenges.
  • Mindfulness - Mindfulness works on activating brain relaxation pathways as a tool to relieve pain and reduce stress and anxiety. Some studies have shown that practicing mindfulness can improve pain and well-being for patients with conditions like chronic low back pain. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a structured 8-week program geared to teach useful mindfulness-based techniques, and these courses can now be found in many communities.
  • Progressive Muscle Relaxation - Muscles that surround and support the spine and pelvis often tense up as a protective mechanism after a back injury, but when that tensing continues and doesn't let up, it can lead to more pain and problems with mobility. Learning tools and techniques to relax these over-activated muscle groups can reduce discomfort and improve function.

RELATED: FAQs About Back Pain

  • Multidisciplinary Programs - Combining psychological treatments and education with exercise and movement can be an effective way to treat challenging back problems. In my own practice, we offer something known as a functional restoration program which is a structured 6-week, 6-hour/day program that combines psychology classes with exercise and other modalities. A more comprehensive approach has the advantage of working on all aspects of the pain experience in a coordinated way.

Unfortunately, in many communities these types of recommended treatments are often not available or not covered by insurance. If you are having trouble finding local resources, consider looking into telemedicine for an on-line therapist or check out apps geared toward relaxation training and meditation. And don't forget that emotional well-being can get a boost in many other ways including exercise, social bonding, listening to music, yoga, tai chi, and just getting more fresh air.

Peter Abaci, MD, is one of the world's leading experts on pain. He is the author of Take Charge of Your Chronic Pain: The Latest Research, Cutting-Edge Tools, and Alternative Treatments for Feeling Better , host of Health Revolution Radio, and a regular contributor to WebMD, The Huffington Post, and PainReliefRevolution.com. His newly released second book, Conquer Your Chronic Pain, A Life-Changing Drug-Free Approach for Relief, Recovery, and Restoration, is already considered a must read for anyone dealing with chronic pain. As the Medical Director and Co-Founder of the renowned Bay Area Pain and Wellness Center his innovative strategies for integrative pain treatment have helped restore the lives of thousands struggling with pain. Dr. Abaci's publications on pain treatment have become a trusted resource for patients, family members, doctors, psychologists, physical therapists, and insurance companies, alike. He resides with his family in Los Gatos, California.

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Carolina Pain Institute Physician Featured on WBT Podcast Discussing Breakthrough Migraine Research

Dr. Chris Gilmore, a leading pain physician affiliated with Carolina Pain Institute, was recently featured as a guest on CAROLINA Focus with Sharon Thorsland and Ed Billick, airing Sunday, December 14, 2025, on WBT. During the episode, Dr. Gilmore discussed an exciting new frontier in migraine treatment-an innovative, drug-free therapy currently being evaluated in a national clinical trial for patients living with chronic migraine. A New Approach to Chronic Migraine Relief Dr. Gilmore is helping lead a nationwide study through Queen City Clinical Research focused on a small, implantable device placed just beneath the skin of the scalp. The device gently stimulates nerves associated with migraine pain and works continuously, offering a discreet, non-medication option for patients who have not found relief through traditional treatments. This clinical trial targets chronic migraine, the most severe form of the condition, defined by 15 or more headache days per month. More than 3 million Americans live with chronic migraine, many of whom cycle through medications, injections, and therapies with limited success. "This study represents a meaningful shift toward precision-based, long-term migraine management," Dr. Gilmore shared during the discussion. "For patients who feel like they've tried everything, innovation like this brings renewed hope." Advancing Pain Care Through Research and Innovation At Carolina Pain Institute, our physicians are committed to advancing pain care through research, clinical leadership, and patient-centered innovation. Dr. Gilmore's involvement in this national study reflects our broader mission: expanding access to advanced treatments that improve quality of life for patients living with chronic pain conditions. Community Health and Wellness Updates The episode also included a seasonal health reminder shared by Ed Billick, featuring guidance from Atrium Health on ways individuals can help prevent the spread of illness during cold and flu season. Listen to the Full Episode To hear Dr. Gilmore's full discussion and learn more about this groundbreaking migraine research, listen to the complete episode of CAROLINA Focus on WBT.

Four doctors, two men and two women, collaborate around a laptop in a brightly lit office.

Dr. David Mount

Dr. David Mount would rather listen than talk. It's not that he doesn't have plenty to say. But on a patient's first visit, he wants to hear what led the patient to his office. The neuropsychologist has a keen interest in the mind/body connection and a focus on how pain affects the brain. ( "Pain impacts self-esteem and personal well-being," he says. "It can cause internalized agony.") Patients come to him with a variety of physical conditions-diabetic neuropathy, rheumatoid arthritis, pain associated with an injury or surgery-and a variety of cognitive impairments that have resulted from a physical condition. Patients from all over the country (and the world) seek him out through his Mind Body Institute Beyond, located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Most patients are referred by their medical doctor when a physical malady begins to impact cognitive ability-including memory. And while Dr. Mount's preference is to be consulted when a physician first begins talking to a patient about cognitive impairments, he says instead he's often brought in when the physician is running out of ideas. A little more conversation No matter what stage he begins with a patient, it always starts with a story. "We start with a patient-centered evaluation," he says-with him listening as the patient talks. "I want to hear their story, uninterrupted," he says. "I don't want them to self-edit anything." Dr. Mount employs counselors and therapists at his center, but he personally sees every patient who comes in. Patients realize the power their words carry. In Dr. Mount, they've found a doctor who's willing to listen to every detail of their pain journey-all the treatments tried, the loneliness that can accompany chronic pain, the heartbreak of not always being able to keep commitments. The doctor is ready to absorb it all. "MDs only have so much time," he says. "I have more time to invite a storytelling approach. And patients want to talk. They may have gotten the message before to 'shut up' about their pain. Once they start talking in my office, it's often hard to stop." Once their story has been told, he asks how they'd rewrite it. "I don't mean how they'd rewrite it without chronic pain," he explains. "I ask how they'd deal with the pain differently." Experience can be an excellent teacher. Once patients begin to consider what they would undo if they were rewriting their memoir, they can begin to take control and formulate a plan. Dr. Mount values the work MDs have done before they bring him into the mix, but he doesn't just thank them for the referral and move on. He uses a collaborative approach that involves the patient and the referring physician. His goal: to help patients with cognitive impairment that's a result of pain. Often, the impairment is a result of pain medication. Reducing a patient's medication is often among his prescriptions. That's accompanied by nutritional education, stretching-which is often done in his office-and other holistic treatments. He understands what his patients are going through. He's been there himself. When the doctor becomes the patient Dr. Mount suffers from chronic pain in his neck and spine. It began in 2005 when he was new to Winston-Salem and went to a chiropractor for an adjustment. After getting what he considers "substandard care," he realized he needed to educate himself on treatment options. "I experienced anxiety, uncertainty and was questioning myself," he says. "My work and social life were disrupted. I know about the stigma of feeling judged. Chronic pain will wear you down." He was losing sleep because of the pain-and was less likely to work out, too, though sports had always been a big part of his life. He wondered, "Why me?" He tried the gamut of specialists-neurologists, acupuncturists, massage therapists-but wasn't having success with any of them. That led to an "aha" moment: "The system I was moving through was broken. The specialists I was going to weren't talking to each other. The system was fragmented, and the patient was suffering as a result." He also understands that patients must be involved and invested in their own care-and that following doctor's orders is imperative. "Compliance," he says, "is the mortar that holds the bricks together." Noncompliance often arises, he says, from the psychological effects of pain and pain medication. So, who better than a neuropsychologist to partner with patients on sticking to their treatment plan? "I can help reinforce compliance," Dr. Mount says. That's something else that referring MDs appreciate about their partnership with him. "Compliance starts with attitude," he says. "If you can improve the attitude, then you achieve improved outcomes." The best medicine Pain is serious business, but that doesn't mean treatment has to be. Dr. Mount believes that there's real benefit to lightening up. Part of the work he does is humor therapy. "You'll hear a lot of laughter at my office," he says. (Laughter? Uninterrupted storytelling? Are you getting the idea that the Mind Body Institute Beyond is not your typical doctor's office?) Humor is, in fact, what led to his own relief. It's how he began to navigate the fractured system that wasn't getting him anywhere. He still sees many of the same specialists he did back in 2005 when the pain first began-but he maneuvers the system with a different mindset now, he says. He also practices yoga and mindfulness, takes supplements and is careful about eating right and getting enough sleep. Dr. Mount knows chronic pain is a family disease. It impacts more than the person living with the pain; it weighs on entire families. "When you talk to family members , they'll often use similar words to describe their situation," he says. "'Moody,' 'walking on eggshells,' 'unpredictable.' People with chronic pain can perceive themselves as a burden to others-and that leads to self-isolation and depression." Measuring how far you've come As a counselor, Dr. Mount values the conversational give and take he has with patients. But as a research scientist, he also wants to measure progress. At his second meeting with a new patient-after the initial storytelling session-he'll do an assessment of where the patient is. If the patient is having memory issues, he'll do neuropsychological tests to discover just how much memory function has been impaired. Physicians have been receptive to his approach. Dr. Mount will share his assessment report with the patient and the referring physician. "I've had doctors say: 'When I read your report, I learn something. There are things about my patient, who I've been treating for 20 years, I never knew that I learned from you.'" That's the power of storytelling. The in-depth report combines elements of the patient's story with Dr. Mount's detailed findings. It's a comprehensive look at the patient's pain history, what's been tried, how effective it was (or wasn't) and what side effects may be the result of prescription medication. It's much more detailed than the notes a doctor typically dictates. Again, it's because Dr. Mount and his team dedicate time to active listening. He has seen some patients in their mid-30s who have the memory function of someone who's 65 or older. But the good news? The situation can be reversed, he says-often by reducing the number of meds a patient is on. Then and now Dr. Mount's passion for studying and treating pain began during his residency at the University of Missouri-Columbia, where he worked extensively in physical medicine, rehabilitation neurology and internal medicine. "We were seeing the adverse effects of illicit drug use on pain management," he says. "We saw the adverse effects of comorbid chronic disease-diabetes, heart disease, physical injury-on pain management, as well." He focused his research on the effects of physical illness on cognitive memory, attention and learning new information. More recently, he's been interested in further exploring the brain's ability to recover and "rejuvenate" based on different treatment intervention strategies. His current research interest is studying and comparing pharmacological and medical device approaches. He uses the term "chronic pain brain" to describe the fog that's sometimes felt as a result of too much or too many pain medications. Pain brain can be as problematic as the pain itself. It can lead to memory loss, sleeplessness and a host of other issues. And the answer, Dr. Mount believes, isn't different or more medication. It's less. His prescription will likely also include more laughter, more talking, more stretching and moving and more engagement with life. When patients are ready to tell their story, Dr. Mount is all ears.